Oncology Review Questions (21-25)

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21. The nurse is preparing a client with a diagnosis of multiple myeloma for discharge. The nurse tells the client to:

a) maintain bedrest
b) restrict fluid intake to 1000 ml daily
c) maintain a high-calorie, low-fiber diet
d) notify the physician if anorexia and nausea occur and persist

22. The nurse provides discharge instructions to the client who had a mastectomy and axillary lymph node dissection. The nurse teaches the client to:

a) avoid use of insect repellent
b) wear protective gloves when doing the dishes
c) avoid the use of lanolin hand cream on the affected arm
d) cut the cuticles on the nails carefully using clean cuticle scissors

23. A client is receiving a course of chemotherapy on an outpatient basis for the diagnosis of lung cancer. Which home-care instruction should the nurse provide to the client?

a) a bathroom can be shared with any member of the family
b) urinary and bowel excreta are not considered contaminated
c) disposable plates and plastic utensils must be used during the entire course of chemotherapy
d) contaminated linens should be washed separately and then washed a second time, if necessary

24. The home-care nurse visits a client with bowel cancer who recently received a course of chemotherapy . The client has developed stomatitis, and the nurse provides instructions to the client about the care of the mouth. The nurse determines that the client needs further instructions if the client states the need to:

a) eat foods without spices
b) maintain a diet of soft foods
c) drink juices that are not citrus
d) drink foods and liquids that are hot

25. A client with leukemia receives a course of chemotherapy. The home-care nurse who is scheduled to visit the client receives a telephone call from the client's physician. The physician informs the nurse that the client's neutrophil count is 600/mm3. On the basis of this laboratory value, the home-care nurse tells the client to avoid doing which of the following?

a) straining at bowel movements
b) using a straight razor for shaving
c) eating any raw fruits or vegetables
d) taking aspirin or medications that contain aspirin






Oncology Review Questions
Answers and Rationale

21) D

- Clients with multiple myeloma need to be taught to monitor for signs of hypercalcemia and to report them immediately to the physician. Anorexia, nausea, vomiting, polyuria, weakness, fatigue, constipation, and signs of dehydration are signs of moderate hypercalcemia. Activity is encouraged. A fluid intake of 3000 mL daily is required to dilute the calcium overload and to prevent protein from precipitating in the renal tubules. Although a high-calorie diet is encouraged, a low-fiber diet can lead to constipation.

22) B

- After axillary lymph node dissection, the affected arm may swell and be at risk for infection. The client needs to be instructed regarding the several measures required to prevent complications. Protective gloves should be worn while doing dishes and cleaning. The client should use insect repellent to avoid bites and stings. Lanolin hand cream should be applied a few times daily. Picking at or cutting the cuticles should not be done, because this could cause an alteration in skin integrity and result in infection.

23) D

- The client may excrete the chemotherapeutic agent for 48 hours or more after administration, depending on the medication administered. Blood, emesis, and excreta may be considered contaminated during this time, and the client should not share a bathroom with children or pregnant women during this time. Any contaminated linens or clothing should be washed separately and then washed a second time, if necessary. All contaminated disposable items should be sealed in plastic bags and disposed of as hazardous waste. Option C is unnecessary

24) D

- Stomatitis is a term that is used to describe the inflammation and ulceration of the mucosal lining of the mouth. Dietary modifications for this condition include avoiding extremely hot foods, spices, and citrus fruits and juices. The client should be instructed to eat soft foods and to take nutritional supplements as prescribed. Food and fluid should be lukewarm or cold.

25) C

- Neutrophil counts should range between 3000 and 5800/mm3. A low neutrophil count places the client at risk for infection. When the client is at risk for infection, he or she should avoid exposure to individuals with colds or infections. All live plants, flowers, and objects that may harbor bacteria should be removed from the client's environment. The client should be on a low-bacteria diet and avoid eating any raw fruits and vegetables. Options A, B, and D are measures that would be implemented if the client was at risk for bleeding.



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Oncology Review Questions (1-5)

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Oncology Review Questions (26-30)

Oncology Review Questions (16-20)

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16. The nurse has provided home-care instructions to a client recovering from a radial vulvectomy. Which statement by the client indicates the need for further instructions?

a) I need to take showers rather than tub baths
b) I need to monitor for foul-smelling perineal discharge
) I need to wipe from front to back after a bowel movement
d) I need to notify the physician if swelling of the groin or genital area persists for longer than 1 week

17. The community health nurse provides an educational session regarding the risk factors for cervical cancer to women in the local community. The nurse determines that further teaching is needed if a woman attending the session identifies which of the following as a risk factor for this type of cancer?

a) smoking tobacco
b) low socioeconomic class
c) early age of first intercourse
d) white race

18. The nurse has completed discharge teaching with a client who has had surgery for lung cancer. The nurse determines that the client has misunderstood essential elements of home management if the client verbalizes the need to:

a) avoid exposure to crowds
b) deal with any increases in pain independently
c) sit up and lean forward to breathe more easily
d) call the physician in case of increased temperature or shortness of breath


19. The nurse is taking a history from a client who is suspected of having testicular cancer. Which of the following data will be most helpful for determining the client's risk factors for this type of cancer?

a) age and race
b) marital status
c) number of children
d) number of sexual partners

20. The community health nurse provides an educational session to members of the local community regarding the breast self-examination (BSE). Which statement by a member indicates the need for further education?

a) I need to perform a BSE every month
b) I should perform a BSE when I have my period
c) It is easiest to perform a BSE when I am in the shower when my hands are soapy
d) I'll use the finger pads of my three middle fingers to feel for lumps and thickening






Oncology Review Questions
Answers and Rationale

16) D

- The physician needs to be notified if any swelling of the groin or genital area occurs, and the client should not wait 1 week before notifying the physician. Options A, B, and C are accurate instructions. Additionally, the client should monitor for pain, redness, or tenderness in the calves and for any signs of infection.

17) D

- Risk factors for cervical cancer include being black or Native American, smoking tobacco, having a low socioeconomic status, an early age of first intercourse, having multiple sexual partners or a partner who had multiple sexual partners, untreated chronic cervicitis, sexually transmitted diseases, and having a partner with a history of penile or prostate cancer.

18) B

- Health teaching for this condition includes using positions that facilitate respiration, such as sitting up and leaning forward. It also includes avoiding exposure to crowds or persons with respiratory infections and reporting signs and symptoms of respiratory infection or increases in pain. The client should not be expected to deal with increases in pain independently.

19) A

- Two basic but important risk factors for testicular cancer are age and race. The incidence of testicular cancer is four times higher among white males than black males. It is the most common type of cancer to occur in males between the ages of 15 and 34 years. Other risk factors include a history of an undescended testis and a family history of testicular cancer. Marital status and the number of children are not risk factors for testicular cancer.

20) B

- The best time to perform a BSE is after (not during) the monthly period, when the breasts are not tender and swollen. Options A, C, and D identify accurate information regarding the BSE.


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Oncology Review Questions (1-5)

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Oncology Review Questions (16-20)

NCLEX Cancer Questions (11-15)

Welcome to NCLEX Cancer Questions. Enjoy answering and I hope that Nursing CEUS can somehow help you in your future examination.

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11. A client is being admitted to the hospital after receiving a radiation implant for cervical cancer. The nurse takes which priority action in the care of this client?

a) encourages the family to visit
b) admits the client to a private room
c) places the client on reverse isolation
d) encourages the client to take frequent rest periods

12. A client is to undergo weekly intravesical chemotherapy for bladder cancer for the next 8 weeks. The nurse interprets that the client understands how to manage the urine as a biohazard if the client states to:

a) void into a bedpan and then empty the urine into the toilet
b) disinfect the urine and toilet with bleach for 6 hours following a treatment
c) purchase extra bottles of scented disinfectant for daily bathroom cleansing
d) have one bathroom strictly set aside for the client's use for the 8 weeks

13. The nurse is developing a plan of care for a client being admitted to the hospital who is immunosuppressed and will be placed on neutropenic precautions. With regard to neutropenic precautions, which intervention is incorrect?

a) admitting the client to a semiprivate room
b) placing a precaution sign on the door to the room
c) placing a mask on the client if the client leaves the room
d) removing a vase with fresh flowers left by a previous client

14. The nurse is preparing to change the linens and gown of a client who was incontinent of urine. The client had received an unsealed radiation source earlier in the day for treatment of thyroid cancer. The nurse wears which of the following protective items?

a) mask and gloves
b) gown and gloves
c) mask, gown, and gloves
d) gown, gloves, and eyewear

15. The nurse receives a telephone call from the hospital admission office and is informed that a client is being admitted who will undergo implantation of a sealed internal radiation source. The nurse asks the admission office clerk if which of the following rooms is selected for the client?

a) a single room near the nurse's station
b) a single room at the distant end of the hall
c) a semiprivate room near the nurse's station
d) a semiprivate room between two isolation rooms






NCLEX Cancer Questions
Answers and Rationale

11) B

- The client who has a radiation implant is placed in a private room and has limited visitors. This reduces the exposure of others to the radiation. Reverse isolation is unnecessary. Frequent rest periods are a helpful general intervention but are not a priority for the client in this situation.

12) B

- After intravesical chemotherapy, the client treats the urine as a biohazard. This involves disinfecting the urine and the toilet with household bleach for 6 hours following a treatment. There is no value in using a bedpan for voiding. Scented disinfectants are of no particular use. The client does not need to have a separate bathroom for personal use.

13) A

- The client who is on neutropenic precautions is immunosuppressed and is admitted to a single (private) room on the nursing unit. A precaution sign should be placed on the door to the client's room. The client should wear a mask whenever leaving the room to be protected from exposure to microorganisms. Standing water and fresh flowers should be removed to decrease the microorganism count.

14) B

- In caring for the incontinent client who has received an unsealed radiation source, the nurse should wear gloves and a gown to protect the hands and uniform from contamination with urine. Generally, traces of the radioactive isotope are found in urine, feces, emesis, and wound drainage.

15) B

- The client receiving an implantation of a sealed internal radiation source should be placed in a single room in an area that reduces the risk of exposure to others. For this reason, rooms are often used that are at the end of a hall.


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NCLEX Cancer Questions (1-5)
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NCLEX Cancer Questions (16-20)

NCLEX Cancer Questions (6-10)

Welcome to NCLEX Cancer Questions. Enjoy answering and I hope that Nursing CEUS can somehow help you in your future examination.

Good Luck


6. A nurse provides discharge instructions to a client with testicular cancer who had testicular surgery. The nurse tells the clients:

a) to avoid driving a car for at least 8 weeks
b) not to be fitted for a prosthesis for at least 6 months
c) to avoid sitting for long periods for at least 6 weeks
d) to report any elevation in temperature to the physician

7. A client calls the ambulatory care clinic and tells the nurse that she found an area that looks like the peel of an orange when performing a breast self-examination (BSE), but found no other changes. The nurse should:

a) tell the client there is nothing to worry about
b) arrange for the client to be seen at the clinic as soon as possible
c) tell the client to take her temperature and call back if she has a fever
d) tell the client to point the area out to the physician at her next regularly scheduled appointment

8. A client with cancer who is receiving chemotherapy tells the nurse that the food on the meal tray "tastes funny." Which intervention by the nurse is appropriate?

a) keep the client NPO
b) provide oral hygiene care
c) administer an antiemetic as ordered
d) obtain an order for parenteral nutrition (PN)

9. A client receiving chemotherapy has an infiltrated intravenous line and extravasation at the site. The nurse avoids doing which of the following in the management of this situation?

a) applying direct manual pressure to the site
b) stopping the administration of the medication
c) administering an available antidote as prescribed
d) leaving the needle in place and aspirating any residual medication

10. The home care nurse is assisting a client in managing cancer pain. To ensure that the client has adequate ans safe pain control, the nurse plans to:

a) rely totally on prescription and over-the-counter medication to relieve pain
b) keep a baseline level of pain so that the client does not become sedated or addicted
c) try multiple medication modalities for pain relief to get the maximum pain relief effect
d) start with low doses of medication and gradually increase to a dose that relieves pain, not exceeding he maximum daily dose







NCLEX Cancer Questions
Answers and Rationale

6) D

- For the client who has had testicular surgery, the nurse should emphasize the importance of notifying the physician if chills, fever, drainage, redness, or discharge occurs. These symptoms may indicate the presence of an infection. One week after testicular surgery, the client may drive. Often, a prosthesis is inserted during surgery. Sitting needs to be avoided with prostate surgery because of the risk of hemorrhage, but this risk is not as high with testicular surgery.

7) B

- Peau d'orange or the orange peel appearance of the skin over the breast is associated with late breast cancer. Therefore, the nurse would arrange for the client to come to the clinic at the earliest time possible. Peau d'orange is not indicative of an infection.

8) B

- Cancer treatments may cause distortion of taste. Frequent oral hygiene aids in preserving taste function. Keeping a client NPO increases nutritional risks. Antiemetics are used when nausea and vomiting are a problem. PN is used when oral intake is not possible.

9) A

- General recommendations for managing extravasation of a chemotherapeutic agent include stopping the infusion, leaving the needle in place and attempting to aspirate any residual medication from the site, administering an antidote if available, and assessing the site for complications. Direct pressure is not applied to the site because it could further injure tissues exposed to the chemotherapeutic agent.

10) D

- Safe pain control includes starting with low doses and working up to a dose of medication that relieves the pain. Multiple medication modalities interventions can be unsafe and ineffective. Option A does not take into account other nursing interventions that may relieve pain, such as massage, therapeutic touch, or music. Maintaining a baseline level of pain to avoid sedation or addiction is not appropriate practice, unless the client requests this, and this information has not been provided in the case situation.


After you reviewed your answers through its rationale, you can go back to the first page to start from the beginning:

NCLEX Cancer Questions (1-5)
Or proceed to the next set of questions:


NCLEX Cancer Questions (11-15)