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1. During history taking of a client admitted with newly diagnosed Hodgkin's disease, which of the following would the nurse expect the client to report?
a) weight gain
b) night sweats
c) severe lymph node pain
d) headache with minor visual changes
2. A client has developed oral mucositis as a result of radiation to the head and neck. The nurse shouls teach the client to incorporate which of the following measures in his or her daily home care routine?
a) oral hygiene should be performed in the morning and evening
b) high-protein foods, such as peanut butter, should be incorporated in the diet
c) a glass of wine per day will not pose any further harm to the oral cavity
d) a combination of a weak saline and water solution should be used to rinse the mouth before and after each meal
3. A client with renal cancer is being treated preoperatively with radiation therapy. The nurse evaluates that the client has an understanding of proper care of the skin over the treatment field if the client states to:
a) wash the ink marks off the skin
b) avoid skin exposure to direct sunlight
c) apply perfumed lotion to the affected skin
d) wear tight clothing over the skin site to provide support
4. The nurse is caring for a client admitted to the surgical nursing unit following right modified radical mastectomy. The nurse includes which of the following in the nursing plan of care for this client?
a) take blood pressures in the right arm only
b) draw serum laboratory samples from the right arm only
c) position the client supine with right arm elevated on a pillow
d) check the right posterior axilla area when assessing the surgical dressing
5. The nurse is caring for a client with multiple myeloma who is recieving intravenous hydration at 100 ml per hour. Which finding indicates a positive response to the treatment plan?
a) creatinine of 1.0 mg/dL
b) weight increase of 1 kg
c) white blood cell count of 6000/mm3
d) respirations of 18 bpm
NCLEX Cancer Questions
Answers and Rationale
1) B
- Assessment of a client with Hodgkin's disease most often reveals enlarged, painless lymph nodes, fever, malaise, and night sweats. Weight loss may be present if metastatic disease occurs. Headache and visual changes may occur if brain metastasis is present.2) D
- Oral mucositis (irritation, inflammation, and/or ulceration of the mucosa) commonly occurs in clients receiving radiation to the head and neck. Measures need to be taken to soothe the mucosa as well as provide effective cleansing of the oral cavity. A combination of a weak saline and water solution is an effective cleansing agent.3) B
- The client undergoing radiation therapy should wash the site using mild soap and warm or cool water and pat the area dry. No lotions, creams, alcohol, perfumes, or deodorants should be placed on the skin over the treatment site. Lines or ink marks that are placed on the skin to guide the radiation therapy should be left in place. The affected skin should be protected from temperature extremes, direct sunlight, and chlorinated water (as from swimming pools). The client should wear cotton clothing over the skin site and guard against irritation from tight or rough clothing such as belts or bras.4) D
- If there is drainage or bleeding from the surgical site after mastectomy, gravity will cause the drainage to seep down and soak the posterior axillary portion of the dressing first. The nurse checks this area to detect early bleeding. The client should be positioned with the head in semi-Fowler's position and the arm elevated on pillows to decrease edema. Edema is likely to occur because lymph drainage channels have been resected during the surgical procedure. Blood pressure measurement, venipuncture, and IV sites should not involve use of the operative arm.5) A
- Renal failure is a concern in the client with multiple myeloma. In multiple myeloma, hydration is essential to prevent renal damage resulting from precipitation of protein in the renal tubules and from excessive calcium and uric acid in the blood. Creatinine is the most accurate measure of renal status. Options C and D are unrelated to the subject of hydration. Weight gain is not a positive sign when concerned with renal status.After you reviewed your answers through its rationale, you can now proceed to the next set of questions:
NCLEX Cancer Questions 6-10
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